Search results for "Compound s"

showing 10 items of 15 documents

Role of high-resolution ultrasonography without and with real-time spatial compound imaging in evaluating the injured posterior cruciate ligament: pr…

2009

This study sought to compare high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) without and with compound imaging in evaluating the injured posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Thirteen patients with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of PCL lesions (ten acute and three chronic) and 20 healthy controls underwent conventional and compound HRUS performed by the same radiologist who was blinded to the subjects' case-control status. The PCL was scanned in a longitudinal direction in all cases. HRUS images were assessed for PCL thickness by two other radiologists blinded to the number and type of PCL injury. PCLs were classified as normal or injured, and the latter as having acute or chronic injurie…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyKnee InjuriesSeverity of Illness IndexmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCompound imagingNeuroradiologyUltrasonographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUltrasoundReproducibility of ResultsPosterior cruciate ligament · Knee · Sonography · Real-time spatial compound sonography · Magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingInterventional radiologyGeneral Medicinemusculoskeletal systemMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structurePosterior cruciate ligamentCase-Control StudiesHigh resolution ultrasonographyFemalePosterior Cruciate LigamentRadiologyUltrasonographybusinessLa Radiologia medica
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The anti-inflammatory fungal compound (S)-curvularin reduces proinflammatory gene expression in an in vivo model of rheumatoid arthritis.

2012

In previous studies, we identified the fungal macrocyclic lactone (S)-curvularin (SC) as an anti-inflammatory agent using a screening system detecting inhibitors of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether SC is able to decrease proinflammatory gene expression in an in vivo model of a chronic inflammatory disease. Therefore, the effects of SC and dexamethasone were compared in the model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Total genomic microarray analyses were performed to identify SC target genes. In addition, in human C28/I2 chondrocytes and MonoMac6 monocytes, the effect of SC on proi…

ArthritisMice TransgenicBiologyProinflammatory cytokineArthritis RheumatoidMiceIn vivomedicineAnimalsHumansCells CulturedCell Line TransformedPharmacologyRegulation of gene expressionAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalCurvularinmedicine.diseaseCompound sDisease Models AnimalGene Expression RegulationMice Inbred DBAImmunologyCancer researchSTAT proteinMolecular MedicineZearalenoneInflammation MediatorsJanus kinaseThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
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Microbiological transformations. 30. Enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic epoxides: the synthesis of enantiopure insect juvenile hormone analogs (b…

1993

Abstract The enantioselective epoxide biohydrolysis of the racemic benzodioxole 6,7-epoxygeraniol derivative 1 has been achieved using the fungus A. niger . This new type of preparative scale bioconversion allows the synthesis of both enantiomers of Bower's compound, an analogue of insect juvenile hormone. Biological tests showed that the 6(R) enantiomer was about ten times more active than the 6(S) enantiomer against the yellow meal worm Tenebrio molitor .

BioconversionStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisEpoxideCatalysisCompound sInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundEnantiopure drugchemistryJuvenile hormoneOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEnantiomerDerivative (chemistry)Tetrahedron: Asymmetry
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IMI – Oral biopharmaceutics tools project – Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 4: Prediction accuracy and software comparisons with…

2020

Oral drug absorption is a complex process depending on many factors, including the physicochemical properties of the drug, formulation characteristics and their interplay with gastrointestinal physiology and biology. Physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models integrate all available information on gastro-intestinal system with drug and formulation data to predict oral drug absorption. The latter together with in vitro-in vivo extrapolation and other preclinical data on drug disposition can be used to predict plasma concentration-time profiles in silico. Despite recent successes of PBPK in many areas of drug development, an improvement in their utility for evaluating oral absorption i…

Data AnalysisPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic modellingDatabases FactualAdministration OralPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreModels Biological030226 pharmacology & pharmacyBiopharmaceuticsPharmaceutical Sciences03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSoftwarePharmacokineticsHumansClinical Trials as Topicbusiness.industryCompound specificBiopharmaceuticsGeneral MedicineFarmaceutiska vetenskaper021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBioavailabilityIntestinal AbsorptionPharmaceutical PreparationsDrug developmentPerformance indicatorArtificial intelligence0210 nano-technologybusinesscomputerSoftwareForecastingBiotechnologyEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
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CdTe Detectors

2014

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) compound semiconductors for x-ray detectors have experienced a rather rapid development in the last few years, due to their appealing performance. In this chapter we review the physical properties of semiconductor detectors for x-ray and γ ray spectroscopy. In particular, we focus on compound semiconductor detectors. We also review the principles of operation of both the semiconductor detectors and the electronic chains, with special emphasis on the digital techniques. CdTe detectors’ characteristics and performance enhancements are discussed in depth. Finally, we present some original results on CdTe detectors for medical applications.

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryPhysics::Medical PhysicsDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleCdte detectorCadmium telluride photovoltaicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Semiconductor detectorCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOptoelectronicsCompound semiconductorHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessSpectroscopyCdTe semiconductor detectors X-ray spectroscopy digital pulse processing medical applications
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Structural and vibrational study of pseudocubic CdIn2Se4 under compression

2014

We report a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the structural and vibrational properties of a-CdIn2Se4 under compression. Angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy evidence that this ordered-vacancy compound with pseudocubic structure undergoes a phase transition (7 GPa) toward a disordered rocksalt structure as observed in many other ordered-vacancy compounds. The equation of state and the pressure dependence of the Raman-active modes of this semiconductor have been determined and compared both to ab initio total energy and lattice dynamics calculations and to related compounds. Interestingly, on decreasing pressure, at similar to 2 GPa, CdIn2Se…

Phase transitionEquation of stateHigh-pressureHydrostatic pressureAb initioThermodynamicsInitio molecular-dynamicsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryTotal-Energy calculationsPseudocubicHydrostatic pressureRaman-ScatteringChemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOrdered-vacancy compoundsX-ray diffractionCrystallographyGeneral EnergyCompound semiconductorsAugmented-wave methodFISICA APLICADAX-ray crystallographyAb initiosymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsRaman spectroscopyInduced phase-transitionsRaman scattering
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Performance enhancements of compound semiconductor radiation detectors using digital pulse processing techniques

2011

Abstract The potential benefits of using compound semiconductors for X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy are already well known. Radiation detectors based on high atomic number and wide band gap compound semiconductors show high detection efficiency and good spectroscopic performance even at room temperature. Despite these appealing properties, incomplete charge collection is a critical issue. Generally, incomplete charge collection, mainly due to the poor transport properties of the holes, produces energy resolution worsening and the well known hole tailing in the measured spectra. In this work, we present a digital pulse processing (DPP) system for high resolution spectroscopy with compound …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpectrometerPreamplifierbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleCompound semiconductors CdTe detectors X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy Digital pulse processing Pulse height analysis Pulse shape analysisParticle detectorPulse (physics)OpticsGamma spectroscopySpectroscopybusinessInstrumentationShape analysis (digital geometry)
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Exactly solvable time-dependent models of two interacting two-level systems

2016

Two coupled two-level systems placed under external time-dependent magnetic fields are modeled by a general Hamiltonian endowed with a symmetry that enables us to reduce the total dynamics into two independent two-dimensional sub-dynamics. Each of the sub-dynamics is shown to be brought into an exactly solvable form by appropriately engineering the magnetic fields and thus we obtain an exact time evolution of the compound system. Several physically relevant and interesting quantities are evaluated exactly to disclose intriguing phenomena in such a system.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsTime evolutionFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsCompound systemQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Physical Review A
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Sakārtojuma saikļi dažādu reģistru tekstu saliktos sakārtotos teikumos

2017

Šajā pētījumā tiek analizēti sakārtojuma saikļi saliktos sakārtotos teikumos Britu Nacionālajā Korpusā. Pētījuma mērķis ir izpētīt sakārtojuma saikļu, kas saista neatkarīgas teikuma daļas saliktos sakārtotos teikumos tekstos, kas sagrupēti četros dažādos reģistros (akadēmiski teksti, daiļliteratūra, laikraksti un sarunas) Britu Nacionālajā Korpusā, biežumu un dažādību. Teorētiskā pētījuma metode, kas tika izmantota, ir teoriju par sakārtojuma saikļiem, saliktiem sakārtotiem teikumiem, reģistru un korpusu salīdzināšana. Sekojošas kvantitatīvās pētījuma metodes tika izmantotas – pirmkārt, saliktu sakārtotu teikumu ieguve no korpusa, pēc tam tika izmantotas tādas aprakstošās statistikas metode…

Sakārtojuma saikļi (Coordinating conjunctions)Salikti sakārtoti teikumi (Compound sentences)Dažādība (Variety)ValodniecībaReģistrs (Register)Biežums (Frequency)
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Charge Sharing and Cross Talk Effects in High-Z and Wide-Bandgap Compound Semiconductor Pixel Detectors

2023

Intense research activities have been made in the development of high-Z and wide-bandgap compound semiconductor pixel detectors for the next generation X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopic imagers. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium-zinc-telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) pixel detectors have shown impressive performance in X-ray and gamma ray detection from energies of few keV up to 1 MeV. Charge sharing and cross-talk phenomena represent the typical drawbacks in sub-millimeter pixel detectors, with severe distortions in both energy and spatial resolution. In this chapter, we review the effects of these phenomena on the response of CZT/CdTe pixel detectors, with particular emphasis on the current st…

X-ray and gamma ray detectorsCdZnTe detectorsCompound semiconductor detectorsCross talkSpectroscopic X-ray imagingSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleCharge sharingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CdTe detectors
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